Current Sociolinguistic Issues in Malian Context: Future of Bambara and French

Abstract

This sociolinguistic research focused on the changing language dynamics in Malian society, particularly regarding Bambara and French. The study examined the context surrounding Bambara's status as an official language in Mali, alongside other national languages, while French remained the language of work. The research explored the current diglossia state between Bambara and French, investigated Malians' attitudes and perceptions towards both languages, and examined language planning and potential outcomes of the new constitution's language provisions. Additionally, the study identified the optimal language choice for formal education to improve educational outcomes. The findings supported the hypothesis that Bambara's prestige has increased compared to French due to historical linguistic imperialism and negative perceptions of French as a tool of domination. However, contrary to predictions of complete substitution, the findings suggest a bilingual education system where both French and Bambara coexist as languages of instruction. Overall, this research provided insights into the sociolinguistic situation in Mali, including language choices in education and the future of Bambara and French in the country.