Effect of saponosides crude extract isolated from Citrullus Colocynthis (L.) seeds on blood glucose level in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Abstract

The effect of saponosides crude extract isolated from the seeds of Citrullus Colocynthis L. Schrad (Cucurbitaceae) on blood glucose level were investigated in normal and diabetic rats (streptozotocin induced). A single and non toxic dose (20 mg/kg bw) of saponosides crude extract were administrated to animals by intraperitoneal route. Lethal doses of saponosides crude extract in healthy rats (DL50 and DL100) were found to be 200 and 250 mg/kg bw, respectively. The results obtained from this study showed no change of glycaemia in normal rats. Whereas, in STZ-treated diabetic animals, the blood glucose level decrease significantly (p<0.05) to reach its normal value 48 h after administration of saponosides crude extract. This antihyperglycaemic effect was maintained during twenty six days after a unique intraperitoneal injection. This effect can be reproduced after return to the diabetic state. Saponosides instigate an antihyperglycaemic and sustainable action in STZ-diabetic rats.