Etude théorique et prédictive des nouveaux matériaux pour conception des cellules solaires et applications photovoltaïques.

Abstract

This thesis is a contribution to the design and simulation of thin-film solar cells heterojunction based on chalcopyrite, kestrite, and Perovskite materials. In a first step, we studied the effect of the thickness of absorber layer, temperature and series and shunt resistances on the device performance of chalcopyrite and kesterite solar cells. After that, we extended our study to model a new absorber layer consisting of two ultra-thin layers of chalcopyrite (kesterite) with Si or GaAs. Our results show that solar cell performances are improved with an efficiency of23.4% for CIGS/GaAs and 20% for CZTSSe/GaAs. In the second step, we modeled and simulated the performance of the solar cell based on a new type of perovskite material as CH3NH3Gel3. In this context, we investigated the effect of the thickness of perovskite absorber layer on solar cell performances using a variety of HTMs. We showed that the efficiency obtained can exceed 20% for a perovskite solar cell with a HTM type Cu2O and D-PBTTT-I4. We also found that the variation in hole mobility can contribute directly to the collection of charge carriers and improve cell performance. We then studied the impact of the variation of the density of the defects on the performances of the solar cell since these are very sensitive to the large values of density of the defects. In the end we found that the noble metals Au and Pt provide better contacts in the cell.Our simulation results advocate for a viable route to design hole-transporting materials for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells with low cost.