Conception, modélisation, simulation et optimisation d'un projet d'une ferme éolienneImplantation sur site favorable.

Abstract

Electricity consumption is necessary for the economic development of countries. Geographically, Algeria is a country with exhaustible and polluting fossil resources, which require costly complexity for electrical transformation. In addition, Algeria is a place rich in renewable energy resources that offer easy, free and unlimited production. Algeria aims to supply 40% of energy consumption from renewable sources by 2030. The energy examined in this study is wind energy, which could be a major asset due to the high wind potential of some sites in Algeria that exceed 5 m/s. The purpose of this study is to explore the wind potential of a region located north of Béchar. An assessment was conducted on the feasibility of installing a hybrid injected power generation wind farm on an electrical station. For this purpose, the "Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program" (WAsP) of the European Wind Atlas is used, which reliably estimates the evaluation of vertical and horizontal wind speed profiles. Several results are obtained which are: the Weibull distribution frequency, the frequency wind rose, the average annual power density which is 73 W/m². The average annual wind speed and the wind quality parameter c are in the order of 4.25 m/s and 4.8 m/s respectively. The value of parameter k is estimated at 2.59 indicating that the region is burning with daily winds. The analysis is then extended to an area located in the south-east of the region at an altitude of 75m. This area has many advantages such as the proximity of the electricity grid, the advantage of the gentle hill, the consequent occupation of areas with high wind potential. The optimization results show that the annual wind speed is estimated at 6.34 m/s. The average annual wind power density is estimated at 282.5 W/m². The chosen site was able to accommodate 34 wind turbines, with a nominal power of 800kW. The average annual loss rate is around 3.79%. The average net energy production is estimated at 2.55 GWh/year. The net annual energy production of the wind farm is about 100.438 GWh/year or an average of 2.95 GWh/year per wind turbine.